Why "compatible with" is not a fit

Replacement parts — water filters, toothbrush heads, printer cartridges, vacuum bags — are sold on compatibility claims, and the claims are written by the seller. Some of them are precise enough to rule a product out. None of them is proof that it fits. Here is how we read them.

The trap, in one listing

Searching a catalogue for replacement heads for a popular electric toothbrush brand returned, side by side, heads whose compatibility line read “[brand] iO electric toothbrush handles only” and heads marked “compatible” with a different brand entirely. Both matched the search. The first fits exactly one family of handles from that brand; the second fits none of them.

The asymmetry that keeps this honest

When the seller publishes the cross-reference, use it

Refrigerator filters are the best-behaved category we have seen: sellers routinely state the filter model and list alternate part numbers and the appliance models it serves. That lets a shopper match on the number printed on the old filter — the one thing that cannot be ambiguous — rather than on the fridge brand.

What to check before you buy

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